The number of wounded and killed Russian soldiers on the Ukrainian battlefield probably exceeded 1.1 million, according to a new situational assessment presented by British military intelligence on Tuesday.

According to an intelligence estimate published by the British Ministry of Defence, approximately 1.14 million soldiers of the Russian regular forces have been killed or wounded in Ukraine since the start of the war. The service puts the number of Russian soldiers wounded or killed so far this year at around 353,000.

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A British military intelligence report, based on internal information from the Ukrainian General Staff, said that “in October, an average of 1,008 Russian soldiers were killed or wounded per day, after a daily average of 950 in September.”

At the same time, the British service points out that although October was the second month in a row when daily Russian losses increased. The average daily losses of the Russian forces in the three months from August to October were the lowest since last April.

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At the same time, according to British military intelligence, during intensive military efforts to encircle Pokrovsk, a key logistical hub in Ukraine, the Russian armed forces are suffering heavy losses.

Pokrovsk will probably remain the primary direction of the axis of Russian operations; this is evidenced by the fact that the Russian forces launch the largest proportion of their daily offensive operations here compared to the other front sections, according to British military intelligence’s assessment of the situation on Tuesday.

While Britain is a close ally of Ukraine, and may have an incentive to inflate Russian military losses, there is no doubt that the number of dead and wounded on the Russian side reaches into the hundreds of thousands after years of war.

Ukraine has also suffered catastrophic losses during the war. A study from July estimated that Ukraine had suffered 400,000 casualties, with between 60,000 and 100,000 deaths. It is difficult to confirm how accurate this information is.

An alleged data leak from Ukraine led Russia to claim that 1.7 million Ukrainian soldiers were dead or wounded in the conflict, but numerous Western outlets stated this amounted to a blatant “propaganda” attempt.